We have quick revision NCERT notes for "class 6 History chapter 1 What, Where, How and When?".
NCERT Notes Class 6 History Chapter 1 – What, Where, How and When?
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| NCERT Notes Class 6 History Chapter 1 – What, Where, How and When? |
- Narmada river: People lived here for several hundred thousand years. Some of them were skilled gatherers, they knew about many plants in the surrounding forests, and they collected roots, fruits and other forest produce for their needs. They also hunted animals.
- Sulaiman and Kirthar Hills (Northwest areas): Here, women and men first began to grow crops such as wheat and barley about 8,000 years ago. They lived in villages, and also began animal husbandry like sheep, goat and cattle.
- Garo Hills (North-east) Vindhyas (Central India): In these places, agriculture were developed. And the places where rice was first grown are to the north of the Vindhyas.
- Indus river: Earliest cities flourished on the banks of these rivers and their tributaries about 4,700 years ago.
- Ganga river: About 2,500 years ago, some other cities were developed on the banks of the Ganga and its tributaries and along the sea coasts.
- Magadha: it was the some of largest and earliest kingdoms in ancient times. It was located around the Ganga river. It is now lying in the state of Bihar.
- People travelled from one place to another in search of livelihood, as also to escape from natural disasters like floods or droughts.
- Some people marched in armies to conquer others' lands.
- Religious teachers travelled from village to village, town to town to offer instruction.
- Names of the land: We use two words for our country: India and Bharat. The word India comes from 'Indus', called Sindhus in Sanskrit. The Iranians and the Greeks called it Hindos or the Indos, later it became India.
The name Bharata was used for the areas in the north-west. It is mentioned in the Rigveda, the earliest composition in Sanskrit (about 3,500 years ago). Later, this name was used for the country.
- Manuscripts: They are the books or piece of information written by hand, that's why, they are called manuscripts (Latin word 'manu', meaning hand). Manuscripts are usually written on palm leaf, or bark of birch tree (which grows in the Himalayas). very few manuscripts have survived, preserved in temples and monasteries. Many of them were written in Sanskrit, others were in Prakrit and Tamil.
- Inscriptions: They are writtings on hard surfaces such as stone and metal. In inscriptions, we usually find the information about kings victories, orders to people, etc. Inscriptions contain both scripts and languages as well as symbols.
- Decipherment: The process to understand the inscriptions is known as decipherment.
- Archaeologists: They study the objects and things that were made and used in the past, including stone, bricks, paintings, sculpture, and also excavate to find tools, weapons, pots, pans, ornaments and coins.
- Historians: Those scholars who study the past and manuscripts, inscriptions and archaeology.
- BC: it refers to 'Before Christ'. E.g. 400 BC.
- AD: it stands for 'Anno Domini', Latin words, meaning 'in the year of the Lord (Christ)'. E.g. AD 2024. Sometimes, CE (Common Era) is used instead of AD and BCE (Before Common Era) instead of BC.